The integration of machine learning (ML) into Nigeria's healthcare system presents a transformative opportunity to enhance patient care, streamline operations, and improve health outcomes. This paper explores the potential applications of ML in various aspects of healthcare, including disease prediction and diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, healthcare management, and predictive analytics for public health. The study highlights significant opportunities such as improved diagnostic accuracy, early detection of diseases, optimized resource allocation, and enhanced patient management. However, the implementation of ML in Nigeria faces substantial challenges, including limited digital infrastructure, insufficient data quality and availability, lack of skilled professionals, and regulatory and ethical concerns. By examining case studies and existing pilot projects within Nigeria and other comparable settings, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of ML in N